Abstract

In the present article we discuss the structure of the elective course “Modern problems of biophysics: Nobel Prizes for outstanding achievements of natural sciences in medicine” which is taught in the Department of Medical and Biological Physics and Informatics of the Bogomolets National Medical University. Here we present the topics of lectures that are assisted by practical classes where we discuss important achievements of the natural sciences that help us to understand better, how human organism operates.

Keywords: Medical Physics; Biological Physics; Nobel Prizes; Grid Cells in the Brain; Synergetics; Perception; Synaptic Transmission

References

1. Medical and Biological Physics/Textbook for students of higher medical universities, Edited by A. Chalyi, 4^th edition, Nova Knyga, Vinnytsia (2020).
2. J O’Keefe., et al. “The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine”. Nobel Prize. org. Nobel Media AB 2020 (2014).
3. J O’Keefe. “Place units in the hippoccampus of the freely moving rat”. Experimental Neurology 51 (1976): 78-109.
4. T Hafting., et al. “Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex”. Nature 436 (2005): 801-806.
5. F Sargolini., et al. “Conjunctive representation of position, direction, and velocity in the entorhinal cortex”. Science 312 (2006): 758-762.
6. J Jacobs., et al. “Direct recording of grid-like neuronal activity in human spatial navigation”. Nature Neuroscience 16 (2013): 1188-1190.
7. EI Moser., et al. “Grid cells ans cortial representation”. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 7 (2014): 466-481.
8. AA Abrikosov. “On the magnetic properties of superconductors of the second group”. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 5 (1957): 1174.
9. AV Chalyi. “Synergetic dialogue “physics – medicine”: Hexagons in living and inanimate nature”. Journal of Molecular Liquids 329 (2021): 114248.
10. VL Ginzburg and LD Landau. “On the theory of superconductivity”. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 20 (1950): 1064-1082.
11. ThE de Donder. “Thermodynamic Theory of Affinity: A Book of Principles”. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1936).
12. I Prigogine. “The Molecular Theory of Solutions”. North Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam (1957).
13. AV Chalyi., et al. “The fluctuation mechanism of the formation of spatio-temporal structures in chemically active systems”. In: Proceedings of II International Workshop on Nonlinear and Turbulent Processes in Physics, Gordon and Breach, New York (1984): 719-730.
14. H Haken Synergetics. An Introduction. Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions and Self-Organization in Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York (1978).
15. H Haken. “Advanced Synergetics”. Instability Hierarchies of Self-Organizating Systems and Devices, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo (1983).
16. AV Chalyi. Synergetic Processes of Education and Science, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv (2000).
17. AV Chalyi., et al. Universality classes and critical phenomena in confined liquid systems, Condensed Matter Physics 16 (2013): 23008-23017.
18. DH Hubel and TN Wiesel. “Brain and Visual Perception: The Story of a 25-Year Collaboration”. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2004).
19. L Buck and R Axel. “A novel multigene family may encode odorant receptors: a molecular basis for odor recognition”. Cell1 (1991): 175-187.
20. CA Kaiser and R Schekman. “Distinct sets of SEC genes govern transport vesicle formation and fusion early in the secretory pathway”. Cell 61 (1990): 723-733.
21. Y Hata., et al. “Synaptic vesicle fusion complex contains unc-18 homologue bound to syntaxin”. Nature 366 (1993): 347-351.
22. AL Hodgkin and AF Huxley. “A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve”. The Journal of Physiology 4 (1952): 500-544.
23. J Eccles., et al. “Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1963-1970”. Elsevier Publishing Company, Butterworth-Heinemann, Amsterdam, Boston (1972).
24. ER Kandel. “The Age of Insight: The Quest to Understand the Unconscious in Art, Mind, and Brain, from Vienna 1900 to the Present”. Random House (2012).
25. ER Kandel. “Reductionism in Art and Brain Science: Bridging the Two Cultures”. Columbia University Press, New York (2016).
26. AV Chalyi., et al. “Synaptic transmission as a cooperative phenomenon in confined systems”. Condenced Matter Physics1 (2017): 13804.
27. AV Chalyi and AN Vasilev. “Trigger regime of the functioning of the synaptic channel”. Biophysics 55 (2010): 600.
28. AV Chalyi and AN Vasilev. “Cooperative Operation Mode of the Synaptic Channel”. Ukrainian Journal of Physics 54 (2009): 1183.