Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the cause and pattern of tooth extraction and its relative risk factors in our local population.

Study Design and Settings: This Cross-sectional study was performed in Department of Oral Surgery, Sir Syed Medical and Dental Hospital, Pakistan.

Methodology: Hundred and twenty participants were taken, placed on the incorporation and exception standards. These included the patients who reported in the out patient department of Oral Surgery, Sir Syed Medical and Dental Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Six months cross-sectional study was performed, from 1^st January, 2019 to 31^st December, 2019. Following the selection criteria, a number of 242 patients were selected with the age ranging from 15 years to 65 years. A detailed history was acquired from every patient, comprising of age of patient, gender of patient, systemic history etc. After thorough history and examination, following information was recorded in a proforma; age, sex, type of tooth extracted, purpose for extracting the tooth (caries, periodontal disease, trauma, orthodontics, pericoronitis, impactions, prosthesis, supernumerary teeth and failed root canal treatment), relative risk factors (uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, smokers).

Results: A total number of 242 patients underwent extraction of tooth in our study and 1149 dental extractions were performed in a period of 6 months. The average age of participants was ± 63.3 with a male predilection of 56.1% (136 patients). Most commonly extracted tooth was molar. Most common reason of tooth extraction were caries 592 teeth (51.5%), followed by periodontal diseases 411 teeth (35.7%), endodontic issues 81 teeth (7%), prosthetic reasons 35 teeth (3.5%) and due to previous treatment 30 teeth (2.6%). For relative risk factors: 69 patients (28.5%) were smokers and 56 patients (23.1%) were known diabetic. Both relative risk factors were present in 14 patients (5.7%).

Conclusion: Dental extractions were more common in males. Overall, the usual purpose of extracting the tooth was dental cavity. In younger age group, dental caries was the cause of tooth extraction predominantly and in elderly, periodontal diseases were the commonest causes of tooth extraction. Diabetes was a major risk factor for extractions. Good oral hygiene measures and better diabetic control can reduce the incidence of tooth extractions.

Keywords: Tooth Extraction; Relative Risk Factors; Dental Caries; Periodontal Diseases

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