Findings on functional prediction of metagenome demonstrated more consistence than compositional profiles of bacteriome associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCC)s [1]. Moreover, speculations on functional capacity of the metagenome of polymicrobial, inflammatory diseases, using hypothetical models based on core community ecological theories, gained much attention in the recent past [2,3]. Evidently, keystone pathogen mediated polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis (PSD) model developed for periodontitis provides the rationale on successful colonization of periodontal bacteria in the immunosuppressive OSCC tumour microenvironment [2]. This efficacious colonization seems to be more of a consequence of oral carcinogenesis than a cause in most instances with known aetiology. It has been demonstrated that the oral microbiome acts as a co-factor in the initiation and progression of oral cancer with well-known life style related modifiable risk factors [3,4]. However, those initial ‘apprentice’ might convert to ‘expert’ as they can enhance the carcinogenesis with their inflammophilic, carcinogenic, immunogenic and toxic attributes as the time progressed, according to the latest in-vitro an invivo experiments [5]. In light of these stirring findings, it is worthwhile to highlight the intrinsic factors which may facilitate the successful colonization of keystone periodontal pathogens in OSCC tumour microenvironment.
References
- Perera M., et al. "Inflammatory bacteriome and oral squamous cell carcinoma”. Journal of Dental Research6 (2018): 725-732.
- Perera Ml. “Possibility of polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis of periodonto pathogens in the oral cell carcinoma tumour microenvironment”. Online Journal of Dentistry and Oral Health (2020).
- Perera L and Perera I. “Revisiting for resolving: The ecological perspective of periodontal bacteriome for prevention and control of periodontitis in COVID-19 era”. Open Access Journal of Dental Science (2020).
- PV) status on well-established risk profile of oral cancer in Sri Lanka”. Advances in Dentistry and Oral Health1 (2021).
- Al-Hebshi NN., et al. “The microbiome of oral squamous cell carcinomas: a functional perspective”. Current Oral Health Reports2 (2019): 145-160.
- Perera M., et al. “Emerging role of bacteria in oral carcinogenesis: a review with special reference to perio-pathogenic bacteria”. Journal of Oral Microbiology1 (2016): 32762.
- Ai D., et al. “Integrated metagenomic data analysis demonstrates that a loss of diversity in oral microbiota is associated with periodontitis”. BMC Genomics1 (2017): 1-15.
- Hajam IA., et al. "Bacterial flagellin-a potent immunomodulatory agent”. Experimental and Molecular Medicine9 (2017): e373-e373.
- Hajishengallis G., et al. "The keystone-pathogen hypothesis”. Nature Reviews Microbiology10 (2012): 717-725.
- Jenkinson HF and RJ Lamont. "Oral microbial communities in sickness and in health”. Trends in Microbiology12 (2005): 589-595.
- Hajishengallis G and RJ Lamont. "Beyond the red complex and into more complexity: the polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis (PSD) model of periodontal disease etiology”. Molecular Oral Microbiology6 (2012): 409-419.
- De Lima PO., et al. "Hypoxic condition and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma”. Anticancer Research2 (2014): 605-612.
- Piau C., et al. "Capnocytophaga spp. involvement in bone infections: a review”. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents6 (2013): 509-515.
- Kendall JJ., et al. "Hemerythrins in the microaerophilic bacterium Campylobacter jejuni help protect key iron–sulphur cluster enzymes from oxidative damage”. Environmental Microbiology4 (2014): 1105-1121.
- Lamont RJ and G Hajishengallis. "Polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis in inflammatory disease”. Trends in Molecular Medicine3 (2015): 172-183.
- Potempa J and RN Pike. "Bacterial peptidases”. Contributions to Microbiology 12 (2005): 132-180.
- Perera ML. “The Microbiome Profile Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues In A Group Of Sri Lankan Male Patients”. Griffith University, Queensland, Australia (2017).
- Arjunan P., et al. "Oral pathobiont activates anti-apoptotic pathway, promoting both immune suppression and oncogenic cell proliferation”. Scientific Reports1 (2018): 1-15.
- Manji F., et al. "Caries and periodontitis: contesting the conventional wisdom on their aetiology”. Caries Research6 (2018): 548-564.
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