Abstract

Overweight and obesity, among the most common diseases in the world, contribute to other pathological conditions including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and metabolic syndrome. Excess corporal fat results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, which involves diet and exercise as well as the possible participation of genetics and environmental factors. Overweight and obesity produce changes in the gut microbiota because of altering intestinal permeability (endo-toxemia), stimulating the endocannabinoid system, and increasing the provision of calories. All these alterations must be considered in a treatment strategy to return a patient to homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to analyze the gut microbiota in relation to overweight and obesity in order to explore strategies to reduce excess fat by restoring microbiota homeostasis. Such strategies have the potential not only of improving the health of individuals, but also of enabling enormous savings in the health care system.

Keywords: Obesity; Overweight; Microbiome; Intestinal Microbiota; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation

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